Fixed solar panel mounts : If you use the most simple and least expensive type of solar panel mounting system, it will be completely stationary. The solar panels should always face the equator. (due south in the northern hemisphere). Don't forget that true south varies from magnetic south. This can make a huge difference. For example, true south in eastern Washington state is 161 on a compass instead of 180. The angle of inclination (tilt) in degrees should be set to about your latitude. Slightly more than your latitude will favor the winter sun and slightly less will favor the summer sun. (for a seasonal cabin for example). Earth sheltered energy efficient solar energy home
Adjustable solar panel mounts : The angle of inclination (tilt) of an adjustable solar panel mount can be changed 2 or more times during the year to account for the lower angle of the sun in winter as the earth orbits the sun causing seasonal change. A good rule of thumb is latitude + 15 degrees in the winter and latitude - 15 degrees in the summer. This will increase overall solar panel output by approximately 25%. I adjust my solar panel array 4 times per year. (Shown here in its summer position). An easy approach that works pretty good is to set the tilt for the winter position in about mid October and back to summer position in mid March. see larger image of array and solar home
Tracking solar panel mounts : Tracking solar panel mounts follow the path of the sun during the day to maximize the solar radiation that the solar panels receive. A single axis tracker tracks the sun east to west and a two-axis tracker tracks the daily east to west movement of the sun and the seasonal declination movement of the sun.
I must admit that a tracking type of solar panel mount is the most efficient type. However, when I investigated the cost for these mounting systems, I found that for the 20 to 30 percent gain in output they provided I could buy 25% more panels cheaper and have the same increase in power with no mechanical failures to worry about. Also, you'll get far less extra gain in winter assuming it doesn't freeze up!
Therefore, I recommend that instead of 6 panels on a tracking mount that costs $2000-$3000, just spend $700-$800 on 2 more solar panels and gain a year round increase of 25 to 30%. Simple math, huh?
